HVAC Knowledge Center
Technical articles and engineering guides for HVAC professionals, engineers, and buyers
Expert HVAC Engineering Resources
Direct answers to the questions engineers and buyers ask about industrial fans, ventilation systems, and HVAC equipment — written by KRT's engineering team.
Fan Fundamentals
What Is a Centrifugal Fan? Working Principle, Types and Key Numbers | KRT
A centrifugal fan moves air radially through an impeller and volute, delivering 250-15,000 Pa static pressure. Working principle,
Centrifugal Fan vs Axial Fan: Selection Framework with Pressure Data | KRT
Centrifugal vs axial fan selection by static pressure, airflow and air cleanliness, with comparison table, worked example and checklist for industrial HVAC.
Understanding Fan Performance Curves and System Curves | KRT
A fan curve shows air vs pressure the fan can deliver; a system curve shows duct resistance. Their intersection is the operating point where fan and system.
Engineering Guide
How to Calculate Factory Air Changes Per Hour (ACH) — A Step-by-Step Guide
Air Changes Per Hour (ACH) is the fundamental starting point for every industrial ventilation design. Learn the formula, room measurement procedure, and how to determine the correct ACH target for your factory type.
ATEX / IECEx Explosion-Proof Ventilation: A Practical Guide to Certification Standards
Before specifying ATEX or Ex-rated fans for Zone 1 and Zone 2 environments, understand the certification framework, equipment categories, and type-testing requirements — and how Keruite handles full ATEX documentation for each unit.
HVAC Equipment
Cold Storage Warehouse Ventilation Design: From -25°C to +4°C Airflow Control
Cold room and frozen storage ventilation requires more than a standard fan: low-temperature motors, frost prevention, humidity control, and even air distribution to prevent hot spots. A practical design guide for warehouse operators and M&E engineers.
Pharmaceutical GMP Ventilation System Design: From Grade A to Grade D
Pharmaceutical GMP facilities demand more than clean air — they demand validated, documented, and auditable ventilation systems from Grade A to Grade D. A practical design reference for pharma HVAC engineers and QA teams.